AVRA-45

 AVRA-45 "Arctic Fox" - aviation emergency radio transmitting lamp station (radio transmitter), as part of an emergency rescue kit on board the aircraft.

Purpose

It is intended for sending a "Distress" radio signal or a bearing radiosignal. It also allows transmitting information using a telegraph key in Morse code. It operates on an international channel with a fixed frequency of 500 kHz. The station is powered by a manual dynamo drive. The radio transmitter has a waterproof design and positive buoyancy (in the package).

Basic parameters

Operating frequency-500 kHz (600 m)

frequency calibration accuracy ± 1 kHz

antenna equivalent current-300 mA

the weight of the transmitter without accessories is 7.7 kg, the total package weight of the station's rescue kit is 19.07 kg

Description

The ABRA-45 transmitter is a copy of the American BC-778 transmitter from the SCR-578 emergency kit, manufactured in the United States since 1942 for bomber crews.

In the USSR, the transmitter came together with the Boeing B-29 "Superfortress" bombers.

As we know from history, during 1944 in the Far East of the USSR, several damaged B-29s that carried out raids on Japan made forced landings at Soviet airfields, the crews were interned in accordance with the agreements. In the summer of 1945, three such aircraft were brought into flight condition and driven under their own power from Primorye Region to Moscow (Izmailovo airport), where in the future specialists will be able to:The Tupolev Design Bureau successfully studied them and set up production under the index "product P" or Tu-4. The Tu-4 almost completely repeated the design of the B-29, with the exception of engines and weapons.

Using a radio transmitter: When an airplane crashes, the radio station is dropped using a special parachute, and the pilot is ejected separately from the radio station. On multi-seat aircraft, the transmitter was included in the emergency stowage kit of the LAS-3 or LAS-5 rescue boat. The boat is thrown out by the crew forcibly before leaving the board or floats up automatically when the aircraft sinks.

After unpacking the rescue kit, a 90-meter-long cable antenna is released to bring the transmitter into working condition, for which a collapsible box kite or balloonis used. Operation of the transmitter is possible when the antenna is extended to a length of at least 57 meters. The kite can be launched in wind conditions from 3.5 to 10 m/s. In calm weather, a 1.2-meter diameter balloon filled with hydrogen from the supplied chemical hydrogen generator is used to raise the antenna. The process of filling the balloon with hydrogen takes about an hour.

After lifting the antenna into the water (over the side of the boat), the ground wire is thrown out. The transmitter is placed between your legs and secured with straps. The handle is inserted into the power supply unit and the handle rotates at a rate of 80-110 rpm, which ensures the generation of electricity sufficient to power the transmitter circuit.

The radio station has operating modes:

transmission of an automatic distress signal with alternating continuous signals, both lasting 20-22 seconds

transmission of automatic radio bearing signal " AA " with alternating continuous signal, both lasting 20-22 seconds

manual transmission of radio signals by Morse code

transmitting a continuous light signal or Morse code light signal.

To mark the location at night, the installation kit includes an incandescent warning lamp, also powered by the transmitter generator, while the transmitter cannot operate on radiation (antenna).

Completeness

radio transmitter;

two inflatable rubber balls for lifting the antenna;

tubes for filling the balloon with hydrogen;

two chemical hydrogen generators;

box kite for antenna lifting;

spare antenna;

warning light;

counterweight

shock-absorbing felt pads — 6 pcs.

PAVRA-45-M parachute

packaging containers

Application

The following types of Soviet aircraft were equipped with the transmitter: AN-8, AN-12, Be-10, Be-12, R-1, Tu-14T, Tu-16, Tu-95, Yak-12MS. The emergency kit was also used on sea-going ships and vessels.